Enanching SMEs' Resilience After Lock Down
Learning Outcomes Objectives and goals
At the end of this module you will be able to: Know about government crisis support mechanisms STATE AID TO CO-FINANCE THE JOBS What is State-aid
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State aid is aid granted by the state or from state sources, which infringes or threatens to distort competition by favoring certain enterprises or the production of certain products. State aid may be granted in particular in the form of: The entities granting aid should be understood as public administration bodies and other entities that are authorized to provide aid, including a public entrepreneur. Assistance is most often provided as a result of making a decision or signing a contract. Source: https://www.sejm.gov.pl/sejm8.nsf/BASLeksykon.xsp?id=6C69A9C632BBC917C1257A59003DD1CF&litera=P
Attention: Information on all aid programs notified to the European Commission, EC decisions approving aid, legal acts and explanations related to public aid granted to entrepreneurs who have suffered as a result of COVID-19 can be found here: https://ec.europa.eu/competition-policy/state-aid/coronavirus_en USING ANTI-CRISIS INSTRUMENTS
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State subsidies are only obtainable if you know:
THE CONCEPT OF AN ENTERPRISE
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The concept of an enterprise The well-established jurisprudence of the CJEU shows that for the purposes of EU competition rules an enterprise is any entity that carries out an economic activity independently its legal form and method of financing and that all entities that are controlled (legally or de facto) by the same entity should be treated as a single enterprise. THE SIZE OF THE ENTERPRISE
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CUMULATION OF AID
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HOW DO I GET STATE AID ?
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THE CONDITIONS
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Source: Nicolaides, P. (2020a). Application of Article 107(2)(b) TFUE to Covid-19 Measures: State Aid to Make Good the Damage Caused by an Exceptional Occurance. Journal of European Competition Law & Practise, 11(5–6). http://doi.org/10.1093/jeclap/lpaa026
FINAL STAGE
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ANTI-CRISIS SHIELDS
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ANTI-CRISIS SHIELDS SOLUTIONS
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SOLUTIONS IN THE FIELD OF TAX POLICY
In order to counteract the effects of COVID-19, a very wide range of solutions in the field of tax policy was applied. For example, we can indicate: ► temporary exemptions from the obligation to settle certain tax liabilities, by lowering tax rates; LABOR MARKET SUPPORT INSTRUMENTS
Labor market support instruments that help to sustain employment or subsidize wages. Solutions whereby governments finance part of people's salaries are popular part-time workers or compensate for the employee costs incurred in connection with the layoffs medical (e.g. Italy). Some countries rely on pre-existing programs in this regard (Spain expanded the ERTE program, Italy relies on the Cassa Integrazione fund). Such aid measures generally support directly entrepreneurs, but their final beneficiaries are, of course, employees. The state usually only compensates part of it remuneration for a specified period and up to a specified amount. Equally popular are solutions consisting in exemptions from the obligation to pay advances for income tax and social security contributions, sometimes they take the form of deferring the maturity of tax liabilities or lowering the applicable rates. Solutions of this type have been used by, among others Spain, Italy. Various types of subsidies for working parents who have to close their schools are also popular arrange care for their children.
ANTI-CRISIS SOLUTIONS
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MAINTENANCE OF JOBS
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EVALUATION OF THE SUPPORT MECHANISMS
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Conclusions Key takeaways
The anti-crisis shields covered changes from various areas of the economic system |
State aid, Anti-crisis Shields, Reliefs for MSMEs
Objectives/goals• Providing knowledge about government crisis support mechanisms State-aid, subsidized workplaces and reliefs for MSMEs
• Teaching how to use anti-crisis instruments
• Anti-crisis Shields
• Find out more about proven strategies to support companies in crisis
The Polish legislator introduced special support instruments in connection with the spread of the SARS-CoV2 virus. The first four anti-crisis shields were adressed to all employers, the following anti-crisis shields were adressed to employers of most vulnarable sectors, especially touristic sector, culture institutions, gastronomy etc. There were also some special simplier instruments for MSME.
Coronavirus (COVID-19): SME Policy Responses, OECD, updated 15 July 2020
OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Outlook 2021
Dębkowska, K., Kłosiewicz-Górecka, U., Szymańska, A., Ważniewski, P., Zybertowicz, K. (2021), Tarcza Antykryzysowa... Koło ratunkowe dla firm i gospodarki?, Gniazdowski, M., Kubisiak, A., Kutwa, K., Rybacki, J. (współpr.), Polski Instytut Ekonomiczny, Warszawa
Buendia, J.L. i Dovalo, A. (2020). State Aid Versus COVID-19. The Commission Adopts a Temporary Framework. European State Aid Law Quarterly, 19(1).
Nicolaides, P. (2020a). Application of Article 107(2)(b) TFUE to Covid-19 Measures: State Aid to Make Good the Damage Caused by an Exceptional Occurance. Journal of European Competition Law & Practise, 11(5–6). http://doi.org/10.1093/jeclap/lpaa026
http://doi.org/10.1093/jeclap/lpaa026.