Benchmarks of internationalization
1. Industrialization / de-industrialization
Industrialization was actualized in South parts (specaially China and India) by the second wawe as northern countries are industrialized by the first wave.
2. International approach / divergency
Income difference between North and South became closer in the second wawe as it became bigger in the first wawe.
3. Trade
Trade volume increased in both wawes but growth stopped by world wars and great depression.
4. Development
Norhtern countries developped in the first wawe speciall. Southern countries developed more in the second wawe.
5. Urbanization
Metropolis were in South before XIX. Century. The first internalization process made urbanization in North faster. Urbanization in South is noticed in the second wawe.
6. Differences in country
Income distribution and unemployment problems increased in North countries.
(1870-1914) The First Wawe:
Internationalization allowed political, military and commercial effect by overseas explorations, railway development and invention of wire.
(1914-1945) Period of Stagnation:
Depression occured after World War I, great depression experienced in 1929 all over the world, The second world war are considered as stagnation of internationalization.
The Second Wawe: begins by end of the second world war, this period contribute internalization. International institutions like IMF, World Bank, GATT and Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development contribute internalization.
Another milestone at internationalization is occured in 1970s. Fixed rate system was abondened as soon as Bretton Woods system collapses.
1980 and period after 1980 are considered as begining of the third period at internationalization. Developments occured in this period accelarated internalization process.
Time period of today’s world may be considered as maximum international trade volume all over world history.
Factors like occuring new markets, increasin demand and surplus company markets lead up and accelarate internalization.
Factors accelarating Internalization;
Companies get into international markets
Increasing and different demands
Increasing technology development speed
Occuring effective competition platform
Developments at Communication and Transportation area supported each other and thus make internalization sustainable for further times.
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